Peripatetics of Iraq, Syria, Lebanon, Jordan, Israel, Egypt, Sudan, and Yemen

ETHNONYMS: Iraq: Duman, Guʿaidiyah, Janganah, Karaj, Kauli(a), Zutt. Syria: Ghurbat (Karbat, Kurbat), Guʿaidiyah, Juki (Aspasheshti), Kauli(a), Nawar, Suleyb, Zutt. Lebanon: Juki. Jordan: Nawar. Israel: Nawar. Egypt: Aʾwwadat, Badʾdʾaaʾh, Bahlawan, Banu Sasan, Barmaki, Batatiyeh, Chingana, Fehemi, Ghajar, Ghawazi, Ghurbat (Kurbat), Ghurradin, Hajala, Halabi (Mahlebash), Hawee, Hemmeli, el Heweidat, Masalib, Mashaʾiliyyah, Meddahin, Muaʾmeratijjeh, Nawar (Nuri), Qarrad, Ramadiya, Rifaʿiyya, Romani, Saʿideh, Samaʿina, Saniʿa, Shahʿaini, Shoeiha, Surutiyeh, Tahwağiya, Tʾatʾar, Tawayifa, Waled Abu Tenna. Sudan: Bahalawan, Besuni, Fehemi, Gewhassi, Ghajar, Ghuraba (Ghurabi), Halab, Shahaini. Yemen: Ahl al-Muzaiyad, Ahl al-Nawwah, Dawashin, Maʿn (Shahath).

Settlements

Most of these groups are now sedentary or semisedentary, and only a few are still nomadic.

Religion and Expressive Culture

All the above-mentioned communities largely share the beliefs and practices of the local Muslim populations. Some of the music played by these groups has been recorded.

Bibliography

Canova, Giovanni (1981). "Note sulle tradizioni aingare in Egitto attraverso la testimonianza di un cap Nawar." Lacio Drom 17(6): 4-25.

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al-Hadithy, M. T. Hamadi Obeid (1979). Gypsies and Karaj in Iraq (in Arabic). Mosul: University of Mosul, Department of Social Sciences.

Hanna, Nabil Sobhi (1982). Ghagar of Sett Guiran 'ha: A Study of a Gypsy Community in Egypt. Cairo Papers in Social Science, vol. 5, monograph 1. Cairo: American University.

Littmann, Enno (1920). Zigeuner-Arabisch: Wortschatz und Grammatik der arabischen Bestandteile in den morgenländischen Zigeunersprachen. Bonn and Leipzig: K. Schroeder Verlag.

Macalister, R. A. S. (1914). The Language of the Nawar or Zun, the Nomad Smiths of Palestine. London: T. & A. Constable.

Pott, A. E (1846). "Über die Sprache der Zigeuner in Syrien." Zeitschrift für die Wissenschaft der Sprache (Berlin) 1(2): 175-186.

Rao, Aparna (1983). "Zigeunerähnliche Gruppen in West-, Zentral- und Südasien." In Zigeuner: Roma, Sinti, Gitanos, Gypsies zwischen Verfolgung und Romantisierung, edited by R. Vossen. Berlin: Ullstein Sachbuch.

Streck, Bernhard (1989). Di Halab im Sudan: Herkunft, Gewerbe und Eigenart der Zigeunergruppen am mittleren Nil. Habilitationsschrift, University of Mainz.

Weber, Alain (1989). "Les tsiganes d'Egypte." Études Tsiganes 35(3-4): 47-59.

Westphal-Hellbusch, Sigrid, and Heinz Westphal (1968). Zur Geschichte und Kultur der Jat. Berlin: Dunker & Humbolt.

APARNA RAO