Bahr, Donald M. (1988). "Pima-Papago Christianity." Journal of the Southwest 30:133-147.
Bahr, Donald M., J. Gregorio, D. Lopez, and A. Alvarez (1974). Piman Shamanism and Staying Sickness. Tucson: University of Arizona Press.
Ortiz, Alfonso, ed. (1983). Handbook of North American Indians. Vol. 10, Southwest, 125-229. Washington D.C.: Smithsonian Institution.
Russell, Frank (1980). The Pima Indians. Tucson: University of Arizona Press.
Underhill, Ruth (1939). Social Organization of the Papago Indians. New York: Columbia University Press.
Underhill, Ruth (1946). Papago Indian Religion. New York: Columbia University Press.