Identification. The YawalapitĂ are a South American Indian group living in the Brazilian federal state of Mato Grosso. The name "YawalapitĂ" is derived from the YawalapitĂ word for a certain type of nut, yawala, so they call themselves "People of the yawala nut." Any Indian who marryies a YawalapitĂ man or woman, lives in their community, and learns the YawalapitĂ language is considered a YawalapitĂ.
Location. The YawalapitĂ traditionally occupied the territory of the lower Rio Kuluene in the region of the upper Xingu, which is now a part of the Xingu National Park. At present there is only one YawalapitĂ village, located near the Rio Totoari (in the YawalapitĂ language, Tipatipa, the River of Stones), a small tributary of the Rio Kuluene. The settlement is near the Leonardo Villas Boas Indian Post.
Demography. According to their own statements, the Yawalapità were near extinction not long ago. The family of the former chief, Parù, and the Mapukayaka, Sariruá, and Yacao families—a total of 17 people—were the entire population in the 1950s. In 1977 there were 77 people; in 1979, 100; by 1989 the number of the Yawalapità living in their village had increased to 160.
Linguistic Affiliation. The Yawalapità language belongs to the Arawaken Family, as do the languages of their neighbors, the Mehinaku and Waurá.
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