Sumu




ETHNONYMS: Mayangna, Ohlwa, Olua, Panamaka, Smoo, Smu, Somoo, Summoo, Sumo, Sumoo, Taguaca, Tahuajca, Taoajka, Tawahka, Towcka, Twahka, Twaka, Twanka, Twaxha, Ulúa, Ulwa, Woolwa, Woowa, Wulwa, Zumo


Bibliography

Americas Watch Committee (1987). The Sumus in Nicaragua and Honduras: An Endangered People. New York and Washington, D.C.: Americas Watch.


Conzemius, Eduard (1932). Ethnographical Survey of the Miskito and Sumu Indians of Honduras and Nicaragua. Bureau of American Ethnology Bulletin 106. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution.


Hale, Ken (1991). "El Ulwa (Sumo Meridional): ¿Un idioma distinto?" Wani, no. 11 (August-December), 27-50.


Helms, Mary W. (1971). Asang: Adaptations to Culture Contact in a Miskito Community. Gainesville: University of Florida Press.


Herlihy, Peter H. (1993). "Securing a Homeland: The Tawahka Sumu of Mosquitia's Rain Forest." In State of the Peoples: A Global Human Rights Report on Societies in Danger, edited by Marc S. Miller, 54-62. Boston: Beacon Press.


Houwald, Götz Freiherr von (1990). Mayangna = Wir: Zur Geschichte der Sumu-lndianer in Mittelamerika. Hohenschäftlarn bei München: Kommissionsverlag Klaus Renner.


Houwald, Götz Freiherr von, and Jorge Jenkins M. (1975). "Distribución y vivienda sumu en Nicaragua." Encuentro, Revista de la Universidad Centroamericana (Managua) 7:63-92.


Landero, Francisco Martínez (1980). La lengua y cultura de los sumos de Honduras. Estudios Antropologicos e Historicos, 3. Tegucigalpa: Instituto Hondureno de Antropología e Historia.


Mangus, Richard Werner (1978). "The Prehistoric and Modern Subsistence Patterns of the Atlantic Coast of Nicaragua: A Comparison." In Prehistoric Costal Adaptations: The Economy and Ecology of Maritime Middle America, edited by Barbara L. Stark and Barbara Voorhies, 61-80. New York and London: Academic Press.

Newson, Linda A. (1987). Indian Survival in Colonial Nicaragua. Norman and London: University of Oklahoma Press.


Oertzen, Eleonore von, Lioba Rossbach, and Voider Wündreich, eds. (1990). The Nicaraguan Mosquina in Historical Documents , 1944-1927: The Dynamica of Ethnic and Regional History. Berlin: Dietrich Reimer Verlag.


Ortega, Marvin (1991). Nicaraguan Repatriation to Mosquitia. Washington, D.C.: Hemispheric Migration Project/

Center for Immigration Policy and Refugee Assistance.


Rizo, Mario (1993). "Mito y tradición oral entre los sumus del Río Bambana." Wani, no. 14 (June): 28-44.


Williamson, Dennis, Janette Aviles, and Melba McLean(1993). "Aspectos generales de las communidades sumus de la RAAN." Wani, no. 14 (June): 18-27.

PETER H. HERLIHY

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